Nosocomial Diarrhea: Evaluation and Treatment of Causes Other Than Clostridium difficile
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Nosocomial diarrhea: evaluation and treatment of causes other than Clostridium difficile.
Diarrhea is common among hospitalized patients but the causes are distinct from those of diarrhea in the community. We review existing data about the epidemiology of nosocomial diarrhea and summarize recent progress in understanding the mechanisms of diarrhea. Clinicians should recognize that most cases of nosocomial diarrhea have a noninfectious etiology, including medications, underlying illn...
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BACKGROUND/AIMS The direct toxic effects of antibiotics on the intestine can alter digestive functions and cause pathogenic bacterial overgrowth leading to antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD). Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) is widely known to be responsible for 10 approximately 20% of AAD cases. However, Klebsiella oxytoca, Clostridium perfringens, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida spec...
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Diarrhea commonly affects international travelers. Episodes are usually short-lasting, but in some patients, symptoms may persist. Clostridium difficile infection should be excluded in travelers with prolonged disease. We report what is, to our knowledge, the first reported study of patients with C. difficile-associated diarrhea after receipt of antibiotic treatment for traveler's diarrhea.
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At our hospital, the number of cases of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea increased from 29 in 1993 to 210 in 1995. The case notes of 110 patients with C difficile-associated diarrhoea during the first 6 months of 1995 were analysed retrospectively. The majority of the patients (106) had received antibiotics before the onset of diarrhoea; 46 had received three or more different antibio...
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Treatment of C. difficile diarrhea with metronidazole or vancomycin is highly effective at relieving symptoms. The high rate of diarrhea recurrence is concerning, but fortunately most patients respond to a second course of treatment. The problem of vancomycin resistance in hospital organisms has markedly reduced usage of this agent as a first-line treatment for C. difficile diarrhea, leaving me...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Clinical Infectious Diseases
سال: 2012
ISSN: 1058-4838,1537-6591
DOI: 10.1093/cid/cis551